From Tunisia to the World: A Scientist’s Bold Vision for Biosecurity

As part of Brown’s new Biosecurity Game Changers fellowship, pharmacist and policy expert Sana Masmoudi is working to close critical biosecurity gaps—building systems, shaping policy and mentoring future leaders across the Global South.

This year, Brown’s Pandemic Center launched the ground-breaking international fellowship program, Biosecurity Game Changers. Its inaugural cohort includes eight scientists committed to preventing and preparing for high-stakes global health security challenges. The year-long fellowship began in September with a policymaking workshop in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Sana Masmoudi, who belongs to the first cohort of fellows, is a pharmacist by training who works at the Pasteur Institute of Tunis in the vaccine and therapeutics division. Focused on biosafety and biosecurity, Masmoudi has helped establish foundational policies, procedures and oversight mechanisms at the Pasteur Institute. She has also worked with Tunisia’s Ministry of Health to develop national biosecurity guidelines and policies, and has contributed to drafting bills on biosecurity legislation.

As a Game-Changer Fellow at Brown, Masmoudi collaborates with the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI). There, her work involves embedding biosecurity measures in laboratory practices and building emergency readiness to prevent accidental and deliberate misuse of pathogens. She works to train the next-generation of biosecurity leaders of the Global South and has contributed to the Munich Security Conference’s Declaration, Taking Biosecurity Threats off the Table Through Next Generation Global South Leadership. Masmoudi is also promoting CEPI’s 100 Days Mission, which is helping to prepare the world for the next disease outbreak with a new vaccine in just 100 days.

With emerging technologies accelerating vaccine development, what measures are essential to minimize unintended biosafety and biosecurity risks while still encouraging innovation?

Emerging technologies are advancing quickly and while they offer incredible innovation, they also come with risks. We need safeguards to prevent misuse or dual-use applications.

That means developing guidelines that carefully assess the risks and benefits of each technology. This kind of risk-benefit analysis will help us determine whether a technology is worth using—and if so, what steps we need to take to minimize risks while ensuring equitable access.

What do you see as the most pressing gaps in global biosecurity today? And how should institutions prioritize addressing them?

I believe that when discussing security strategy—especially in Tunis or in other African countries—a major challenge is the lack of appropriate regulations. For instance, in my own country, we are working on drafting biosafety and biosecurity bills, but they are not currently a priority for our ministry, and therefore they have not yet been approved.

To build a strong foundation for safety and security systems, we must first address these regulatory gaps. Establishing comprehensive biosafety and biosecurity frameworks within countries is critical. Once we achieve that, we can ensure the sustainability of the systems we put in place. These frameworks would provide governance mechanisms and legal enforcement to support biosafety and biosecurity at both national and institutional levels.

Secondly, based on my experience working with organizations like the German Corporation for International Cooperation, we initially launched a program focused on biosafety and biosecurity. However, the program was limited in scope due to funding constraints, and there was no follow-up once the funding ended. As a result, the program was abandoned, leading to a loss of both time and resources.

To avoid repeating this, we need to address the sustainability gap. Without sustained funding and ongoing support, even the best-designed programs will fail to deliver lasting impact. Bridging these gaps is essential for establishing effective and resilient biosafety and biosecurity systems.

Emerging technologies are advancing quickly and while they offer incredible innovation, they also come with risks. We need safeguards to prevent misuse or dual-use applications.

Sana Masmoudi Visiting Fellow
 
Bio-security Fellow, Sana Masmoudi

That’s concerning.

Yes, and unfortunately, it’s a daily challenge. Another major problem is that many international projects aren’t tailored to the actual needs of each country. Often, external partners, whether from Europe or the U.S., come in with a fixed idea of how to implement a program. But every country has its own specificities. We can’t just apply the same model everywhere. Programs must be adapted to local contexts.

Your work with CEPI includes embedding biosafety in research and development and advancing standards like ISO 35001, the first internationally recognized standard specifically for biorisk management in laboratories and related organizations. What lessons have you learned from implementing these standards in lab environments?

We’re still in the early stages of implementing ISO 35001, but based on my experience with other ISO standards and guidelines, two lessons stand out.

First, working with a group of labs, say 10 pilot labs at once, is very effective. It fosters shared experiences, peer learning and momentum. Mutual support between labs really accelerates implementation.

Second, leadership engagement is critical. Without it, these projects simply don’t succeed. You need committed leaders and buy-in from lab staff so that everyone understands the value of the standards and feels involved.

As a WHO-certified biorisk management trainer, how do you help build long-term skills and systems in low-resource areas, especially for young professionals in the Global South? 

A big part of my work involves training, especially in regions that don’t usually get access to this kind of support. I focus on “train-the-trainer” models so that the people I train can go on to train others. This creates an exponential, multiplying effect.

I also prioritize working with young professionals because they’re enthusiastic and eager to learn. I try to mentor them so they can carry the work forward and become future leaders in biosafety and biosecurity.

You’ve been involved in initiatives like the 100 Days Mission and the Next Generation Biosecurity Leaders Declaration. How do you envision the future of global participation in epidemic preparedness and biosecurity governance?

The first step is promoting the Declaration, because it outlines our shared vision and goals. We want next-generation leaders to participate in every major event, not just as observers but as decision-makers.

Their ideas should be taken seriously and incorporated into future strategies. We can’t build a sustainable future in biosecurity without including the people who will be shaping that future.

Your work bridges technical lab management, policy development, and cross-sector collaboration. What strategies have helped you successfully navigate those different spaces?

I wouldn’t call it ‘international diplomacy’ exactly, but I do work across sectors and with many institutions. What’s helped me the most is emphasizing teamwork. I always try to work in groups, get feedback and have discussions. This helps build understanding and makes transitions between roles or sectors much smoother.

How has the Biosecurity Fellowship affected your work?

I’d really like to thank Professor Beth Cameron of the Pandemic Center and Brown University for the opportunity to work with CEPI. It’s been a tremendous learning experience. I’ve gained new skills and perspectives that I’ve been able to bring back to my institution and apply at the national level.

It’s also helped me build lasting friendships and a strong network with both next-generation leaders and senior experts in pandemic preparedness and biosafety. I’m deeply grateful for the opportunity.

 

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