This year, Brown’s Pandemic Center launched the ground-breaking international fellowship program, Biosecurity Game Changers. Its inaugural cohort includes eight scientists committed to preventing and preparing for high-stakes global health security challenges. The year-long fellowship began in September with a policymaking workshop in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Sana Masmoudi, who belongs to the first cohort of fellows, is a pharmacist by training who works at the Pasteur Institute of Tunis in the vaccine and therapeutics division. Focused on biosafety and biosecurity, Masmoudi has helped establish foundational policies, procedures and oversight mechanisms at the Pasteur Institute. She has also worked with Tunisia’s Ministry of Health to develop national biosecurity guidelines and policies, and has contributed to drafting bills on biosecurity legislation.
As a Game-Changer Fellow at Brown, Masmoudi collaborates with the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI). There, her work involves embedding biosecurity measures in laboratory practices and building emergency readiness to prevent accidental and deliberate misuse of pathogens. She works to train the next-generation of biosecurity leaders of the Global South and has contributed to the Munich Security Conference’s Declaration, Taking Biosecurity Threats off the Table Through Next Generation Global South Leadership. Masmoudi is also promoting CEPI’s 100 Days Mission, which is helping to prepare the world for the next disease outbreak with a new vaccine in just 100 days.
With emerging technologies accelerating vaccine development, what measures are essential to minimize unintended biosafety and biosecurity risks while still encouraging innovation?
Emerging technologies are advancing quickly and while they offer incredible innovation, they also come with risks. We need safeguards to prevent misuse or dual-use applications.
That means developing guidelines that carefully assess the risks and benefits of each technology. This kind of risk-benefit analysis will help us determine whether a technology is worth using—and if so, what steps we need to take to minimize risks while ensuring equitable access.
What do you see as the most pressing gaps in global biosecurity today? And how should institutions prioritize addressing them?
I believe that when discussing security strategy—especially in Tunis or in other African countries—a major challenge is the lack of appropriate regulations. For instance, in my own country, we are working on drafting biosafety and biosecurity bills, but they are not currently a priority for our ministry, and therefore they have not yet been approved.
To build a strong foundation for safety and security systems, we must first address these regulatory gaps. Establishing comprehensive biosafety and biosecurity frameworks within countries is critical. Once we achieve that, we can ensure the sustainability of the systems we put in place. These frameworks would provide governance mechanisms and legal enforcement to support biosafety and biosecurity at both national and institutional levels.
Secondly, based on my experience working with organizations like the German Corporation for International Cooperation, we initially launched a program focused on biosafety and biosecurity. However, the program was limited in scope due to funding constraints, and there was no follow-up once the funding ended. As a result, the program was abandoned, leading to a loss of both time and resources.
To avoid repeating this, we need to address the sustainability gap. Without sustained funding and ongoing support, even the best-designed programs will fail to deliver lasting impact. Bridging these gaps is essential for establishing effective and resilient biosafety and biosecurity systems.